Ristretto
"...is a very "short" shot of espresso coffee. Originally, this meant pulling a hand press faster than usual, using the same amount of water as a regular shot of espresso. Since the water comes in contact with the grinds for a much shorter time, the caffeine is extracted in reduced ratio to the flavorful coffee oils. The resultant shot could be described as bolder, fuller, with more body and less bitterness."Lungo
"Lungo is Italian for 'long', and refers to the coffee beverage made by using an espresso machine to make an espresso (single or double dose or shot) with much more water (generally twice as much), resulting in a stretched espresso, a lungo.
A lungo is less strong, but more bitter, because the additional hot water passing through the ground coffee extracts components that would normally remain undissolved. The more water is passed through the coffee grounds, the more bitter and watery the shot tastes. "
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